What was the main reason the Royal Society of London developed modern peer review?

The Royal Society of London developed modern peer review primarily to control the quality of published papers. This system was established as a way to ensure that research findings are rigorously evaluated by experts in the field before being accepted for publication. The goal of peer review is to maintain high standards of scholarly work by subjecting research to critical scrutiny, ensuring that only studies that meet established scientific criteria are disseminated.

The peer review process helps to identify any potential flaws, biases, or unsupported claims in research, thereby enhancing the credibility and reliability of published studies. As a result, it serves as a safeguard against the release of false or misleading information, promoting integrity in scientific communication.