Which is an unethical practice related to publication in research?

Submitting the same research to multiple journals simultaneously is considered an unethical practice in research publication known as "duplicate publication." This practice undermines the integrity of the scientific literature and can lead to confusion regarding the originality of the findings, distort the published record, and waste the resources of journal editors and reviewers. Journals expect authors to submit original work that has not been published elsewhere, ensuring that the research contributes uniquely to the field. This process helps maintain the credibility of scientific communication and ensures that researchers receive appropriate credit for their work.

In contrast, collaborating with experts, peer reviewing work authored by colleagues, and disclosing research findings at conferences are all standard practices in the research community that foster collaboration, innovation, and transparency. These activities are valued as they contribute to the progression of science and knowledge sharing.